Science - 18 December 2009 PDF for iPad
Year: 2009
Issue: December
Country: US
Language: English
Format magazine: True PDF
Pages: 171 pages
Size: 13.2 Mb
About Science on iPad:
Science, a multi disciplinary, weekly peer reviewed journal, ranks as the world's most prestigious scientific journal. The journal was established by Thomas Edison in 1880 and has been the official journal of AAAS since 1900. Content includes original research, news, book reviews, and coverage of events in the scientific community.
Content issue Science - 18 December 2009 PDF:
CONTENTS Volume 326 Issue 5960 page 1614 www.sciencemag.org SCIENCE VOL 326 18 DECEMBER 2009 1581 COVER Ardipithecus ramidus, a possible human ancestor, inhabited then-wooded regions of Ethiopia 4.4 million years ago. This year, studies of the fossilized skeleton of a member of the species raised surprising questions about how key human traits evolved. See the Breakthrough of the Year special section beginning on page 1598 and at www.sciencemag.org/btoy2009/. Image: © 2009, Jay Matternes DEPARTMENTS 1587 This Week in Science 1590 Editors’ Choice 1592 Science Staff 1597 Random Samples 1656 AAAS News & Notes 1715 New Products 1716 Science Careers 1635 Living Weapons G. D. Koblentz; Breeding Bio Insecurity L. C. Klotz and E. J. Sylvester, reviewed by B. Balmer 1635 Browsings EDUCATION FORUM 1637 The Nation’s Report Card: A Vision of Large-Scale Science Assessment A. C. Fu et al. PERSPECTIVES 1639 Sexual Selection and Darwin’s Mystery of Mysteries J. E. Mank >> Report p. 1704 1640 Universal Few-Body Binding G. Modugno >> Report p. 1683 1641 Racial Bias, Unspoken But Heard J. F. Dovidio >> Report p. 1711 CONTENTS continued >> EDITORIAL 1589 The Breakthroughs of 2009 Bruce Alberts >> Breakthrough of the Year section p. 1598 NEWS OF THE WEEK 1608 Congress Takes Care of Science in Quiet Finish to a Busy Year 1609 Terrorism Charges Against Grad Student Raise Questions 1610 A Dark Tale Behind Two Retractions 1611 Chair of Science Panel to Leave Congress 1611 From Science’s Online Daily News Site 1612 Spineless Fish and Dark Flies Prove Gene Regulation Crucial >> Report p. 1663 1613 Sarkozy’s ‘Grand Loan’ Bets That Research Will Pay Off 1613 From the Science Policy Blog NEWS FOCUS 1614 Peril in the Pamirs Burdened by Soviet Legacy, Nations Spar Over Water Rights 1618 U.S. Poised to Adopt National Ocean Policy 1619 Melanoma Drug Vindicates Targeted Approach 1620 Ecological Genomics Gets Down to Genes—and Function LETTERS 1631 Time for DNA Disclosure D. E. Krane et al. Weighing Reward and Punishment J. Baron Response D. G. Rand et al. 1633 CORRECTIONS AND CLARIFICATIONS BOOKS ET AL. 1634 Portfolios of the Poor D. Collins et al., reviewed by A. Krishna WINNER 1598 Ardipithecus ramidus RUNNERS-UP 1600 Opening Up the Gamma Ray Sky 1600 ABA Receptors 1601 Mock Monopoles Spotted 1602 Live Long and Prosper 1603 An Icy Moon Revealed 1604 Gene Therapy Returns 1605 Graphene Takes Off 1606 Hubble Reborn 1607 First X-ray Laser Shines SPECIAL SECTION Breakthrough of the Year OTHER FEATURES 1602 Scorecard: Rating Last Year’s Areas to Watch 1604 Breakdown Revisited: Trying to Stay Afloat 1606 Areas to Watch 1607 Virus of the Year: The Novel H1N1 Influenza CONTENTS 1642 Enabling New Missions for Robotic Aircraft J. W. Langelaan and N. Roy 1644 Mining Our Reality T. M. Mitchell ASSOCIATION AFFAIRS 1646 Reflections On: Our Planet and Its Life, Origins, and Futures J. J. McCarthy BREVIA 1662 Regiodivergent Ring Opening of Chiral Aziridines B. Wu et al. A bimetallic catalyst selects different ring-opening sites, depending on the chiral configuration of the substrate. RESEARCH ARTICLES 1663 Stepwise Modification of a Modular Enhancer Underlies Adaptation in a Drosophila Population M. Rebeiz et al. A combination of new and previously existing mutations in gene regulatory sequences can drive morphological evolution. >> News story p. 1612 1668 Crystal Structure of the Eukaryotic Strong Inward-Rectifier K+ Channel Kir2.2 at 3.1 ? Resolution X. Tao et al. A structure reveals the basis of diode-like conduction properties and toxin insensitivity of these channels. REPORTS 1675 Formation and Survival of Water Vapor in the Terrestrial Planet–Forming Region T. Bethell and E. Bergin Water in protoplanetary disks shields water molecules in deeper layers of the disk from destructive ultraviolet radiation. 1677 Spatial Organization of Hominin Activities at Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov, Israel N. Alperson-Afil et al. The spatial distribution of artifacts implies that living space was organized by use as early as 800,000 years ago. 1680 Mozambican Grass Seed Consumption During the Middle Stone Age J. Mercader Residues on stone tools imply that early humans were processing grass seeds by 100,000 years ago. 1683 Universality in Three- and Four-Body Bound States of Ultracold Atoms S. E. Pollack et al. The interactions involved in the formation of few-body bound states can be probed in a cloud of ultracold atoms. >> Perspective p. 1640 1686 Experimental Observations of Stress-Driven Grain Boundary Migration T. J. Rupert et al. Shear stresses drive grain boundaries to move in a manner consistent with predictions of coupled grain boundary migration. 1690 Real-Time Observation of Carbonic Acid Formation in Aqueous Solution K. Adamczyk et al. The use of a photoacid enables the long-sought characterization of the conjugate acid of bicarbonate. 1694 Bacterial Community Variation in Human Body Habitats Across Space and Time E. K. Costello et al. The composition of microbial communities on the human body is primarily determined by their location. 1698 The Fanconi Anemia Pathway Promotes Replication-Dependent DNA Interstrand Cross-Link Repair P. Knipscheer et al. Insertion of a nucleotide during the repair of a complex lesion in DNA requires tagging of a lysine residue. 1701 Indirect Punishment and Generosity Toward Strangers A. Ule et al. Frequent rewards spiced with occasional punishment are a recipe for the evolution of cooperation. 1704 On the Origin of Species by Natural and Sexual Selection G. S. van Doorn et al. Modeling demonstrates how speciation occurs due to sexual selection. >> Perspective p. 1639 1707 Structure of the LKB1-STRAD-MO25 Complex Reveals an Allosteric Mechanism of Kinase Activation E. Zeqiraj et al. A “pseudokinase” activates the LKB1 tumor suppressor protein without catalyzing phosphorylation. 1711 The Subtle Transmission of Race Bias via Televised Nonverbal Behavior M. Weisbuch et al. Nonverbal behaviors can contribute to implicit bias in intergroup attitudes. >> Perspective p. 1641
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